On October 21, the United Nations Security Council convened an open meeting to discuss “The Impact of Scientific Development on International Peace and Security.” China’s Permanent Representative to the UN, Fu Cong, addressed the gathering, underscoring the critical need to ensure that technological advancements remain controllable and under human oversight, particularly concerning artificial intelligence.

Fu Cong articulated that while technological developments empower various sectors and present remarkable benefits and opportunities for humanity, they simultaneously pose new challenges to international peace and security. He pointed out that the military applications of artificial intelligence are revolutionizing traditional warfare, raising significant concerns. Recent conflicts in Gaza and Lebanon, he noted, showcased how AI-driven algorithms and remote operations can lead to unimaginable destruction and civilian casualties.

Expressing China’s keen interest in the governance of technology, Fu described it as a “double-edged sword” that requires a balanced approach to foster innovation while managing risks. He emphasized that ensuring the safe and responsible development of technology is an essential requirement for benefiting all nations and their peoples.

Moreover, Fu stressed the importance of adhering to the principle of “technology for good” as a foundation for governing technological progress. He highlighted that bridging the digital divide is not only a matter of collective development but also necessary for mitigating security risks. The assurance of safety and control, he insisted, is a fundamental prerequisite for technological advancement.

Fu firmly reiterated that artificial intelligence must always remain under human control to avert the potential for autonomous machines to engage in lethal actions. He condemned the misuse of technological advantages to infringe upon the sovereignty of other nations, meddle in their internal affairs, or destabilize them. He also warned against cyberattacks, cyber espionage, and the arms race in cyberspace, particularly the need to protect critical information infrastructure.

He raised concerns about specific countries broadening the definition of national security to justify the unrestrained suppression of foreign high-tech enterprises. They promote the idea of “decoupling,” obstructing normal economic and technological exchanges between nations, and forming exclusive “cliques” that effectively isolate particular countries while reinforcing their own technological monopolies. This behavior reflects a zero-sum game mentality rooted in Cold War thinking, he noted.

Fu voiced significant concern that the risks posed by artificial intelligence are eclipsed by the dangers of artificially manufactured divisions, which could threaten international peace and security and potentially lead the world into a spiral of confrontation. He called on all nations to embrace an open and inclusive approach, seizing the opportunity presented by the “Future Covenant” to support the UN’s role as the principal channel for global technology governance and to promote scientific and technological advancements that contribute to shared development, security, and progress.